The effect of the Mind Agro.Bio stimulator on nucleic acid metabolism in isolated sunflower cotyledons
In recent years, much attention has been paid to research on the effects of physiologically active substances on various physiological processes occurring in plants. Modern biological stimulants occupy a special place among these substances, a prominent example of which is Mind Agro.Bio . Modern agronomic practice has accumulated extensive experimental data on the effects of this substance on plant growth processes and metabolism, but its impact on the physiology of organ formation remains an important area of study.
Understanding the nature of growth processes is impossible without elucidating the role of nucleic acids. Therefore, studying the effects of growth stimulants on nucleic acid metabolism is of significant interest for elucidating their mechanisms of action. This paper presents data on the effect of Mind Agro.Bio on RNA and DNA dynamics in isolated sunflower cotyledons during rhizogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study involved sunflower seeds (used as a model standard) obtained from Ukrainian breeding centers. The cotyledons contain a reserve of nutrients, allowing cultivation without the use of special media.
The seeds were soaked for 24 hours in water and the preparation solutions. The following concentrations were tested: Mind Agro.Bio 1 mg/L (M1) and Mind Agro.Bio 10 mg/L (M10). The isolates were grown in Petri dishes in a darkened incubator at 25°C. Aeration and light exposure were performed daily.
RNA and DNA dynamics were determined in cultivated cotyledons using a histochemical method (methyl green-pyronine staining) and a biochemical method (spectrophotometric measurement after two-step extraction).
RESULTS
During cultivation, isolated sunflower cotyledons undergo callus and rhizogenesis, development of procambial strands, and the transformation of storage parenchyma into assimilatory parenchyma. Histogenesis proceeds actively until the 15th day, after which growth processes slow down.
Histochemical studies showed that RNA content increased from days 2 to 5 of cultivation in all treatments. Cells in the peri-wound zone and root primordia were particularly intensely stained. Nucleoli were enlarged in both concentrations of Mind Agro.Bio , with staining being more intense in treatment M1. Beginning on day 5, RNA content decreased, indicating completion of the active phase of histogenesis.
Biochemical data confirm the observed dynamics (Table 1). Application of the stimulator enhances nucleic acid synthesis during the first days of cultivation. In variant M1, RNA is actively consumed for protein synthesis, which is necessary for adventitious root growth, whereas in variant M10, an intense increase in cotyledon volume and callus formation are observed while root formation is suppressed.
Table 1. Effect of Mind Agro.Bio stimulator on DNA and RNA dynamics (μg per 100 mg of dry powder)
| Days | Variant | RNA (μg) | DNA (μg) | Total NC (mcg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CONTROL | 1302,5 | 229,4 | 1531,9 |
| M1 (1 mg/l) | 1541,7 | 226,7 | 1768,4 | |
| M10 (10 mg/l) | 1461,5 | 263,9 | 1725,4 | |
| 5 | CONTROL | 3874,2 | 314,3 | 4188,5 |
| M1 (1 mg/l) | 4485,4 | 395,0 | 4880,4 | |
| M10 (10 mg/l) | 4453,4 | 420,6 | 4873,0 | |
| 15 | CONTROL | 860,5 | 208,6 | 1069,1 |
| M1 (1 mg/l) | 691,0 | 225,0 | 916,0 | |
| M10 (10 mg/l) | 960,4 | 345,7 | 1306,1 |
CONCLUSIONS
- Treatment with Mind Agro.Bio causes significant changes in RNA and DNA dynamics. The stimulating effect on nucleic acid content is most pronounced during the first five days of cultivation.
- The specificity of the action of concentrations was established: the drug at a concentration of 1 mg/l more effectively stimulates RNA synthesis, supporting the processes of rhizogenesis, while a concentration of 10 mg/l enhances DNA synthesis, promoting callus formation.
- The study data confirm that nucleic acids are localized predominantly in meristematic foci, where the processes of morphogenesis are actively taking place.
Agro.Bio Expert Note: Agro.Bio specialists continue to develop the area described in the article using advanced biotechnology. Today, products from the Mind line are successfully used in Ukraine's agricultural sector for targeted growth regulation, increased germination energy, and maximum genetic potential.